/*****************************************************************************
关于播放效果
1.由于输出的是方波，比较难听:-)
只能说是非常难听:-)为什么呢？只因为输出的是方波,包含了大量的奇次谐波。
你可以用双龙的"虚拟仪器"分别产生正弦波、三角波和方波听一下，正弦波感觉就比
较纯正，
而方波则要多难听有多难听！
解决方案：
1.用3、4个IO及R－2R电阻网络作3、4BitDAC
2.用PWM输出
3.用专用音乐旋律发生芯片
4.用硬波表的声卡或MIDI芯片
各方案比较：
1.制作简单，占用IO、定时器资源较少，成本低,可行性好
2.制作简单，但PWM频率不能作高，行不通
3.4.可作出很好听的效果，但成本较高
关于：如果单片机进作此工作还可以，加入其他的程序肯定不行
2.由于依靠T1的频繁中断产生相应频率的输出，
因此任何其他同级或更高级别的中断发生都会使T1不能进入中断，
使乐曲打顿，这样就必须使其他中断占用的时间尽量短才会感觉不出来
关于：功能齐全
底层的东西作出来后，而且是用C编程，要功能齐全是件相当容易的事
关于：音符编码
优化的音符编码是这个程序最大的优点(相对于所有见过的类似功能程序)
3.优化音符编码：一个字节中包含节拍、音符、升降调，可区分数据和命令，
对于一般的乐曲调用功能码的时候相当少，基本可做到一个音符对应一个字
节，
这点对于小存储量的单片机来说是必要的。
同时人工将音符译为机器码非常容易。(格式看下面实例)
//音符码格式:| D7 |D6 D5 D4| D3 |D2 D1 D0|
|变调| 节拍|升降| 音符 |
// 示例:0xcb=11001011B,即升调,4/16拍,3Mi低音
//功能码格式:| D7 D6 D5 D4 | D3 D2 D1 D0|
// |高4位=0时是功能码|根据低4位散转 |
0x00, //最后字节为功能码必须==0x00退出
关于发布此贴的原因
1.帮助初学者，
2.抛砖引玉，
3.论坛正有人问相关的问题
4.就程序的规范性、写法、注释等征求大家的意见
还将有一系列的源程序公开，正在整理
关于乐理方面的知识
建议大家到[url herf=http://homemidi.myetang.com]MIDI小屋[/url]去看看，
有大量的MIDI、MIDI知识、MIDI软件
其中有一个YAMAHA的软波表一定要试一下，
你会对MIDI的观念大大改观(害的我当年发了疯的从网上找了6万多首MIDI:-）
上网想找东西的别忘了用搜索:-)
****************************************************************************/
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------//
// 源程序大公开 //
// (c) Copyright 2001－2002 xuwenjun //
// All Rights Reserved //
// V1.00 //
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------//
//标 题: 单片机IO口播放乐曲 //
//版 本: V1.00 //
//文件名: xwj_lcd16.C //
//创建人: 徐文军 E-mail:xuwenjun@21cn.com //
//日 期: 02-11-5 //
//描 述: 单片机利用T1中断在IO口P1.0输出乐曲 //
//声 明: //
// 以下代码仅免费提供给学习用途，但引用或修改后必须在文件中声明出处. //
// 如用于商业用途请与作者联系. E-mail:xuwenjun@21cn.com //
// 有问题请mailto xuwenjun@21cn.com 欢迎与我交流! //
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------//
//修改人: 徐文军 E-mail:xuwenjun@21cn.com //
//日 期: 02-11-5 //
//说 明: //
// 单片机用T1中断在IO口P1.0输出乐曲(在P1.0口与VCC间接一喇叭即可听到) //
// 1.由于输出的是方波，比较难听:-)你也可以将波形细分用DA输出正弦波 //
// 2.由于T1频繁中断，任何其他中断发生都会是乐曲打顿，只适合试验 //
// 3.优化音符编码：一个字节中包含节拍、音符、升降调，可区分数据和命令//
// 同时人工将音符译为机器码非常容易。(格式看下面实例)//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------//
＃i nclude <reg52.h>
＃i nclude <intrins.h>
#define FREQ 11059200
// 音乐_编码2 -- 存储器定义 //
unsigned char code music_tab1[]={ //音符码格式:| D7 |D6 D5 D4| D3 |D2
D1 D0|
//梁祝 |变调| 节拍|升降| 音
符 |
0xcb, //示例:0xcb=11001011B,即升调,4/16拍,3Mi低
音
0x35,0x16,0xb9,0x12,0x96,0x99,0xa5,
0xbd,0x99,0x96,0x15,0x13,0x15,0x62,
0x32,0x13,0xa7,0x26,0x25,0x16,0xa9,0x22,
0xa3,0xa9,0x96,0x15,0x16,0x99,0xe5,
0xbb,0x15,0xa7,0xaa,0x96,0x99,0xd5,
0x13,0x15,0x23,0x15,0x16,0x17,0x9a,0xd6,0x15,0x16,
0xb9,0x12,0x25,0x23,0x23,0x22,0x13,0x12,0x21,0x96,0x15,
0x43,0xc9,0x96,0x99,0x96,0x15,0x13,0x15,0x16,0x99,
0xd5, //功能码格式:| D7 D6 D5 D4 | D3 D2
D1 D0|
// |高4位=0时是功能码|根据低4位
散转 |
0x00, //最后字节为功能码必须==0x00退出
};
unsigned char code music_tab2[]={ //康定情歌
0x23,0x25,0x26,0x16,0x15, 0x36,0x13,0x42,
0x23,0x25,0x26,0x16,0x15, 0x26,0x53,
0x23,0x25,0x26,0x16,0x15, 0x26,0x23,0x42,
0x25,0x23,0x12,0x13,0x12,0x11, 0x22,0xd6,
0x26,0xda, 0x25,0x53, 0x12,0x11,0xd6,
0xad,0x23,0x12,0x13,0x12,0x11, 0x22,0xd6,
0x00,
};
unsigned char code music_tab3[]={ //美酒加咖啡
0x55,0x23,0x25,0x26,0xa9,0x22, 0x73,
0x45,0x25,0x26,0x23,0x22,0x21,0x23, 0x72,
0x52,0x23,0x45,0x43, 0x22,0x21,0xa6,0x25,0x66,
0xc9,0xa6,0x25,0x23,0x25,0x26,0xa9, 0xf5,
0x45,0x23,0x25,0x46,0xc9, 0x22,0x13,0x12,0x21,0x22,0x63,
0x22,0x23,0x25,0x26,0x25,0x23,0x22,0x21, 0x72,
0x52,0x23,0x45,0x43, 0x22,0x21,0xa6,0x25,0x66,
0xb9,0x12,0x23,0x25,0x22,0xa5,0xab,0x22, 0x71,
0x00,
};
unsigned char code music_tab4[]={ //北国之春
0x15,0x16,0x75, 0x15,0x16,0x55,0x13,0x15,0x16,0x15,0x16,0x99,0x12,0x13,
0x65,0x45,0x13,0x12,0x11,0x12, 0x73,
0x62,0x42,0x12,0x11,0x96,0x15, 0x76,
0x55,0x23,0x45,0xa9,0x22, 0x53,0x12,0x13,0x65,
0x52,0x22,0x42,0x21,0xa6, 0xe9,0x91,0x12,0x13,0x12,0x13,0x15,0x99,0x12,
//以上为过门
0x20,0x23,0x23,0x23,0x63, 0x22,0x23,0x23,0x22,0x41,0xa6,0x25,
0x53,0x22,0x21,0xa9,0x21,0xa6, 0x75,
0x26,0xa9,0x21,0xa6,0xc9,0x12,0x11,0x96,0x15,
0x23,0x25,0x25,0x26,0x45,0x21,0x22,
0x13,0x35,0x25,0xa9,0xa6,0x25,0x23,0x22, 0x71,
0x52,0x25,0x45,0x13,0x15,0x13,0x12, 0x21,0x41,0x22,0x43,0x45,
0x23,0x25,0x26,0xa9,0x42,0x12,0x33, 0x72,
0x51,0x22,0x43,0x22,0x21, 0xc6,0xc9,0x29,0xc6,0x45,0x23,0x23,
0x53,0x25,0x26,0x25,0x13,0x12,0x21, 0x62,0x42,0x23,0x25,
0x55,0x26,0x25,0x23,0x45, 0x26,0xa9,0x21,0x22,0x63,
0x52,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x12,0x21,0xa6,0xf9,
0x00,
};
unsigned char code music_l_tab[8]={0,1,2,3,4,6,8,16};//节拍延时单位
unsigned char code music_freq_tab[64]={ //音符定时器值表
0xff,0xea, //0 休止符
255-FREQ/24/131/256, //256-FREQ/24/x/256 //1 do 高字节
256-FREQ/24/131%256, //256-FREQ/24/x%256 //1 do 低字节
255-FREQ/24/147/256,256-FREQ/24/147%256, //2 re
255-FREQ/24/165/256,256-FREQ/24/165%256, //3 mi
255-FREQ/24/175/256,256-FREQ/24/175%256, //4 fa
255-FREQ/24/196/256,256-FREQ/24/196%256, //5 suo
255-FREQ/24/221/256,256-FREQ/24/221%256, //6 la
255-FREQ/24/248/256,256-FREQ/24/248%256, //7 xi
0xff,0xea, //0 休止符
255-FREQ/24/262/256,256-FREQ/24/262%256, //1 do
255-FREQ/24/294/256,256-FREQ/24/294%256, //2 re
255-FREQ/24/330/256,256-FREQ/24/330%256, //3 mi
255-FREQ/24/350/256,256-FREQ/24/350%256, //4 fa
255-FREQ/24/393/256,256-FREQ/24/393%256, //5 suo
255-FREQ/24/441/256,256-FREQ/24/441%256, //6 la
255-FREQ/24/495/256,256-FREQ/24/495%256, //7 xi
0xff,0xea, //0 休止符
255-FREQ/24/525/256,256-FREQ/24/525%256, //1 do
255-FREQ/24/589/256,256-FREQ/24/589%256, //2 re
255-FREQ/24/661/256,256-FREQ/24/661%256, //3 mi
255-FREQ/24/700/256,256-FREQ/24/700%256, //4 fa
255-FREQ/24/786/256,256-FREQ/24/786%256, //5 suo
255-FREQ/24/882/256,256-FREQ/24/882%256, //6 la
255-FREQ/24/990/256,256-FREQ/24/990%256, //7 xi
0xff,0xea, //0 休止符
255-FREQ/24/1049/256,256-FREQ/24/1049%256, //1 do
255-FREQ/24/1178/256,256-FREQ/24/1178%256, //2 re
255-FREQ/24/1322/256,256-FREQ/24/1322%256, //3 mi
255-FREQ/24/1400/256,256-FREQ/24/1400%256, //4 fa
255-FREQ/24/1572/256,256-FREQ/24/1572%256, //5 suo
255-FREQ/24/1665/256,256-FREQ/24/1665%256, //6 la
255-FREQ/24/1869/256,256-FREQ/24/1869%256, //7 xi
};
unsigned char code music_frequp_tab[64]={ //升半音
0xff,0xea, //0 休止符
255-FREQ/24/139/256, //1 do 高字节 //255-FREQ/24/x/256
256-FREQ/24/139%256, //1 do 低字节 //256-FREQ/24/x%256
255-FREQ/24/156/256,256-FREQ/24/156%256, //2 re
255-FREQ/24/175/256,256-FREQ/24/175%256, //3 mi
255-FREQ/24/185/256,256-FREQ/24/185%256, //4 fa
255-FREQ/24/208/256,256-FREQ/24/208%256, //5 suo
255-FREQ/24/234/256,256-FREQ/24/234%256, //6 la
255-FREQ/24/262/256,256-FREQ/24/262%256, //7 xi
0xff,0xea, //0 休止符
255-FREQ/24/278/256,256-FREQ/24/278%256, //1 do
255-FREQ/24/312/256,256-FREQ/24/312%256, //2 re
255-FREQ/24/350/256,256-FREQ/24/350%256, //3 mi
255-FREQ/24/371/256,256-FREQ/24/371%256, //4 fa
255-FREQ/24/416/256,256-FREQ/24/416%256, //5 suo
255-FREQ/24/467/256,256-FREQ/24/467%256, //6 la
255-FREQ/24/525/256,256-FREQ/24/525%256, //7 xi
0xff,0xea, //0 休止符
255-FREQ/24/556/256,256-FREQ/24/556%256, //1 do
255-FREQ/24/624/256,256-FREQ/24/624%256, //2 re
255-FREQ/24/700/256,256-FREQ/24/700%256, //3 mi
255-FREQ/24/742/256,256-FREQ/24/742%256, //4 fa
255-FREQ/24/833/256,256-FREQ/24/833%256, //5 suo
255-FREQ/24/935/256,256-FREQ/24/935%256, //6 la
255-FREQ/24/1049/256,256-FREQ/24/1049%256, //7 xi
0xff,0xea, //0 休止符
255-FREQ/24/1112/256,256-FREQ/24/1112%256, //1 do
255-FREQ/24/1248/256,256-FREQ/24/1248%256, //2 re
255-FREQ/24/1400/256,256-FREQ/24/1400%256, //3 mi
255-FREQ/24/1484/256,256-FREQ/24/1484%256, //4 fa
255-FREQ/24/1618/256,256-FREQ/24/1618%256, //5 suo
255-FREQ/24/1764/256,256-FREQ/24/1764%256, //6 la
255-FREQ/24/1968/256,256-FREQ/24/1968%256, //7 xi
};
unsigned char temp_TH1;
unsigned char temp_TL1;
// 音乐_编码2 -- IO定义 //
sbit PIN_MSC=P1^0; // 音乐输出端口 //
// 音乐_编码2 -- 函数原型//
void music_delay(unsigned char x); //音乐节拍延时
void music_play(unsigned char *msc); //播放音乐子程序
// 音乐_编码2 -- 函数 //
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------//
void music_int_t1 (void) interrupt 3 using 1 //定时中断1//
{
PIN_MSC=~PIN_MSC;
TH1=temp_TH1;
TL1=temp_TL1;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------//
void music_delay(unsigned char n) //延时 125*n 毫秒
{
unsigned char i=125,j;
do {
do {
for (j=0; j<230; j++) _nop_(); //j=(11159KHz/12-10)/4
}while(--i);
}while(--n);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------//
void music_play(unsigned char *msc) //音乐
{
unsigned char music_freq=32; //音高
unsigned char music_long; //节拍
unsigned char music_data=0; //音符数据
bit music_up=0; //升半音
bit music_break=0; //断奏
temp_TH1=0xff;
temp_TL1=0xea; //关输出(输出超声波)
TMOD=0x11; //T0：16位定时器、T1：16位定时器
// ET0=0; //关T0定时器中断
ET1=1; //开T1定时器中断
//---------------------------------------------------------
while (*msc != 0x00)
{
music_data=*msc & 0x07;
music_long=*msc>>4;
//---------------------------------------------------------
if (music_long != 0) //是音符
{
if (*msc >=128) //需升降调
{
if (((*msc) & 0x08) == 0)
{if (music_freq >= 16) music_freq -= 16;} //音高下降
else
{if (music_freq < 48) music_freq += 16;} //音高上升
}
//---------------------------------------------------------
if (music_up==1) //升半音
{
temp_TH1=music_frequp_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1))];
temp_TL1=music_frequp_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1)+1)];
}
else //不升半音
{
temp_TH1=music_freq_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1))];
temp_TL1=music_freq_tab[(music_freq + (music_data <<1)+ 1)];
}
//---------------------------------------------------------
if (music_break) //断奏
{
music_delay(music_l_tab[music_long&0x07]-1);
temp_TH1=0xff;
temp_TL1=0xea;
music_delay(1);
}
else //连奏
music_delay(music_l_tab[music_long&0x07]);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------
else //是功能码
{
switch(music_data)
{
case 0x04:
music_up=0; //不升半音
break;
case 0x05:
music_up=1; //升半音
break;
case 0x06:
music_break=0; //断奏
break;
case 0x07:
music_break=1; //连奏
break;
default:
break;
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------
msc++;
}
ET1=0; //播放结束,关T1中断
PIN_MSC=1; //关输出
// temp_TH1=0xff;
// temp_TL1=0xea; //关输出(输出超声波)
// ET0=1; //开T0定时器中断
// TMOD=0x51; //T0：16位定时器、T1：16位计数器
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------//
void main(void) //示例
{
// 设置定时器--------------------------------------
TMOD = 0x11; // TMOD: 定时器1:模式1:16位;定时器2:模式1:16
位 //
// TCON = 0x50; // TCON: 定时器 1运行; 定时器 2运
行 //
// 设置并开启中断:
IP = 0x08; //中断优先寄存器IP:|D7_x |x|x
|PS|PT1|PX1|PT0|D0_PX0|//
IE = 0x88; //中断允许寄存器
IE:|D7_EA|x|ET2|ES|ET1|EX1|ET0|D0_EX0|//
for (;;) {
//在此调用键盘和显示函数//
music_play(music_tab1);
music_play(music_tab2);
music_play(music_tab3);
music_play(music_tab4);
}
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------//
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